Ilmenite is one of the main titaniferous minerals.Tripartite crystal system, crystals are rare, often irregular granular, scaly, plate or sheet.Color Iron black or steel gray, stripe steel gray or black, when containing hematite inclusions, brown or maroon.Metallic to semimetallic, conch-like or subconch-like fracture.Crispy.The hardness is 5 ~ 6, and the density is 4.4 ~ 5g/cm3. The density increases with the decrease of MgO content or the increase of FeO content.It is weakly magnetic.High solubility in hydrofluoric acid, slowly soluble in hot hydrochloric acid.After being dissolved in phosphoric acid and diluted by cooling, sodium peroxide or hydrogen peroxide is added to make the solution yellowish brown or orange yellow.Ilmenite can be produced in all kinds of rock mass, widely distributed in basic rock and acid rock;Produced in pegmatite, granularity is large, up to several centimeters.When the ore-bearing parent rock is destroyed by weathering, ilmenite can be transferred into placer ore.

The chemical composition of ilmenite is FeTiO3 and its crystal belongs to the tripartite crystalline oxide mineral.The English name is derived from the origin of the original discovery of the mineral Ilmen Mountain in the Urals of Russia (И Dagianism ianism ianism ianism ianism ianism ianism ianism ianism ianism ianism).It contains 252.66% TiO and is the most important mineral raw material for extracting titanium and titanium dioxide.Crystals are often plate-like and aggregates are lumpy or granular.Steel gray to iron black, stripe black to maroon, semi metallic luster.Morse hardness 5 ~ 6, specific gravity 4.70 ~ 4.78.It is weakly magnetic.Ilmenite occurs as an accessory mineral in igneous and metamorphic rocks and can also form placer ore.Famous mines are Russia's Ilmen Mountain, Norway's Klagler and the United States Wyoming Iron Mountain, Quebec's Lake Ellard, Canada.Panzhihua iron deposit in Sichuan, China, is also a large ilmenite producing area. The ilmenite is distributed in microgranular or flake form between magnetite grains or in cleavage.

The theoretical composition of ilmenite: FeO 47.36%, TiO2 52.64%.Fe2+, Mg2+ and Mn2+ can be replaced by complete isomorphism to form FeTiO3-MgTiO3 or FeTiO3-MnTiO3 series.FeO is called ilmenite, MgO is called magnesium titanium, and MnO is called red titanium manganese.NB, TA and other analogs are often substituted.Under the high temperature of 960℃, FeTiO3-Fe2O3 can form complete solid solution.With the decrease of temperature, at about 600℃, FeTiO3-Fe2O3 solid solution is dissolved, and hematite lamellae precipitate in ilmenite, and are arranged in the direction of (0001).